The origins of yoga and its poses are shrouded in mystery, evolution, and cross-cultural influence.

Many practitioners wonder: Where did yoga poses originate? What we now call "yoga poses" or "asana" has a fascinating and complex history that stretches far beyond the mats we use today.

In this blog post, we'll dive into the history of yoga poses, exploring their origins and how they evolved into the practice millions cherish today.

Yoga, in its earliest form, wasn't about poses. The roots of yoga trace back to ancient India, with foundational texts like the Vedas (approximately 1500 BCE), Bhagavad Gita, and Yoga Sutras of Patanjali.

These texts focused on spiritual philosophy, meditation, and ethical principles rather than physical postures.

In fact, the Yoga Sutras, considered a cornerstone of yoga philosophy, mentions only seated postures meant to aid in meditation.

The emphasis on physical movements in yoga, as we know them today, emerged much later.

So, where did yoga poses come from, and how did they become central to the practice?

The earliest physical practices of yoga are recorded in the Hatha Yoga Pradipika (15th century), which describes about 15 postures—mostly seated—aimed at preparing the body for meditation.

However, the dynamic flow of poses that characterize modern yoga, such as sun salutations and vinyasa sequences, weren’t part of this tradition.

In the early 20th century, a significant shift occurred, influenced by Indian yoga masters like Krishnamacharya, who incorporated physical postures into yoga practice.

But here’s where it gets interesting: much of the movement and structure of modern yoga asanas appear to have been influenced by European gymnastics.

Krishnamacharya

The story of yoga poses takes a dramatic turn when we examine the influence of gymnastics.

During the British colonial period in India, physical fitness regimens from the West, such as calisthenics and gymnastics, were introduced.

Krishnamacharya, often called the "father of modern yoga," studied these practices and adapted them into what we now recognize as modern asana sequences.

One particularly striking connection is to a Danish gymnast named Niels Bukh, who developed a system called Primary Gymnastics.

Many of the poses in Primary Gymnastics bear a remarkable resemblance to popular yoga poses like Downward Dog and Warrior II.

In Mark Singleton's Book, Yoga Body: the Origins of Yoga, Mark suggests that Krishnamacharya was exposed to texts and visuals from Western fitness methods, inspiring his integration of these movements into yoga.

Neils Bukh practicing Primary Gymnastics

As Krishnamacharya’s students, including B.K.S. Iyengar, Pattabhi Jois, and Indra Devi, spread yoga across the globe, the emphasis on asana grew.

These teachers adapted yoga to suit Western preferences for physical fitness, emphasizing poses and sequences while blending them with traditional Indian philosophy.

​Today, when you ask, "Where did yoga poses originate?", the answer is a rich tapestry of Indian spiritual tradition and Western physical culture.

While the spiritual essence of yoga remains rooted in ancient India, the physical practice has been shaped by global influences.

Indra Devi

Understanding the history of yoga poses can spark a range of emotions, from curiosity to existential questioning.

If yoga poses aren’t "ancient" in the way many assume, does that diminish their spiritual significance?

Not necessarily.

Yoga, like language, evolves.

The heart of yoga lies in its ability to connect the body, mind, and spirit.

Whether you’re practicing traditional seated postures or flowing through a modern vinyasa class, the intention you bring to your practice defines its meaning and value.

Neils Bukh

The history of yoga poses is a fascinating blend of tradition and innovation. While their roots may be more modern than many expect, the transformative power of yoga remains undeniable.

As practitioners, we have the opportunity to honor both the ancient spiritual origins and the modern adaptations that make yoga accessible worldwide.

What are your thoughts on the origins of yoga poses?

Does knowing their history change your practice?

Let us know in the comments below!

And if you enjoyed this post, please share it with your fellow yogis.

I have practiced yoga since I was 11 years old. Writing this post, I am now 50.

It feels like I dedicated my life to the scholarly pursuit of yoga and that it was all a lie.

I feel betrayed by Pattabhi Jois and by BKS Iyengar, both of whom I followed and taught their yoga to thousands of people.

However, I have always felt two things.

1) That yoga really wasn't about the poses.

2) That we should be our own guru.

Love you all, Angelica